Our Festivals 1
RAKHI ' Raksha Bandhan
‘Raksha’ means protection and ‘bandhan’ means bond. Hence this festival does not signify bond between a brother and sister only but also between any one who shows love & affection without any personal material gain. Raksha Bandhan is not only meant for siblings, but for protection for any loved one.
The bond between a brother and sister is so deep that it can be understood as "During the marriage ceremony Var says he will accept her as his wife only when she approves that she will not go to her mother's home without his permission, Kanya says she is ready to accept it but the precondition is that He will not stop her from going to tie a knot on her brother's wrist on Rakhi Day."
Once Indra, the God of Swarg was about to go into battle and was feeling a little apprehensive. Then his wife tied a sacred thread to his arm for his protection and assurance & all his fears vanished and he was successful in all his endeavors. Though Indra lost Kingdom of Heaven but escaped unhurt.
From then on began the tradition of celebrating Raksha Bandhan.
Why is Rakhi Purnima Important?
India is a country of festivals & celbrations and all the festival are somehow related with the Agriculture too. Rakhi falls in the month of Shravana, the month when the rains are receding, sea is calming down and weather is pleasant. The month is important to the farmers, to the fishermen and to the voyagers and businessmen. And in India all such days and months are a matter of celebration. These celebrations are in other words a kind of thanks giving to the Gods. And they also pray for their Good Crop.
Full moon day (Purnima) is considered to be an auspicious day of this holy month. A birth on Purnima is considered alone very good fortune in Jyotish and any Puja or work started on Purnima day is alone very fructify. The Shravana Purnima is celebrated all over the country in one form or the other. Most commonly it is celebrated as the Rakhi Purnima or Raksha Bandhan, the festival signifying sisterly love and brotherly affection. The day has significance beyond this, not known to all. Brother and Sister may or may not be real brother.
The day is called Naryali Purnima in the coastal regions of India. The day is devoted to the Rain God Indra and the Sea God Varuna. The Nariyal i.e. coconuts are offered to the Gods to please them and seek their blessings. The offering is made by throwing the coconut in the sea or any other near by water body. It is said that Lord Rama started for Lanka to rescue Sita on this day. He crossed the sea from the bridge made by the Vanar Sena by throwing stones in water. Coconut is considered to be a symbol of three-eyed God Lord Shiva.
For the fishermen the fishing season starts now people begin their voyages on this day, assured that the seas have calmed down and it is an auspicious day.
For the farmers in Northern India, it is Kajri Purnima. The farmers start the sowing of Wheat on this day and pray for a good crop.
The day is very important for the Brahmins. This is called Rishi Tarpan or the Shravani Ceremony. On this day they change their holy thread called the Janeyu or the Yajnopavit amidst the chanting of mantras. The Janeyu represents adherence to vedic culture, observance of Hindu traditions and service to humanity. After the ceremony sweets are served.
The day is all about Raksha or protection, not just for self but for the dear ones, for peaceful existence of the human race. Each ritual that is followed has a significance. The sisters seek love from their brothers, the brothers seek courage and endurance. People worship the Gods of water, the basis of life.
It is a festival that dictates the values of brotherhood and self-perseverance. In this world when hatred, terrorism, cut throat competition is increasing, there is need for greater affection and love among people.
Tying of rakhi
Perhaps the single most important way of celebrating Raksha Bandhan is by tying the rakhi. A sister ties a rakhi to the wrist of her brother. The tying of a rakhi signifies her asking of her brother for his protection and love for the sister. The brother in turn, accepts the rakhi, confirms his love and affection for his sister and shows this with gifts and money. It is a family event where all members of family, dressed in finery, gather and celebrate. The tying of rakhi is followed by a family feast.
Nariyal Purnima
In western India and parts of Maharashtra, Gujarat & Goa this day is celebrated as Nariyal Purnima. On this day an offering of a coconut (nariyal) is made to the sea, as a mark of respect to Lord Varuna, the God of the Sea. Nariyal Purnima marks the beginning of the fishing season and the fisherman, who depend on the sea for a living, make an offering to Lord Varuna so that they can reap bountiful fish from the sea.
Avani Avittam / Upakarman / Upakarma
In southern parts of India including Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, TamilNadu and Orissa this day is celebrated by the Brahmin community as Avani Avittam. In Karnataka, this day is celebrated as Upkarma by the followers of Yajurveda. Upakarma day mark the beginning of Vedic studies. As part of the Upakarman/Upakarma ritual, they also change their sacred thread or yajnopavitam, “Janeyu” in Hindi marks "Shrawani".
Kajari Purnima
In central parts of India such as M.P., Chhatisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar this day is celebrated as Kajari Purnima. It is an important day for the farmers and women blessed with a son. On the ninth day after Shravana Amavasya, the preparations of the Kajari festival start. This ninth day is called Kajari Navami and varied rituals are performed by women who have sons until Kajri Purnima or the full moon day.
Rakhi in today's scenario though celebrated, as a sibling's festival, if taken in true sense has a much broader perspective. The festival encompasses true sense of peace and brotherhood. The values propagated by the occasion if inculcated by all human beings can bring the much-needed relief from the ongoing violence and mistrust.
Rahhi is a festival of protection for loved ones. I think people are being led away from the true meanings of some happenings because they follow traditions, instead of finding the true meaning of these traditions. It is not always an only brother-sister festival. It is to fulfill the basic need of protection. It is an un-maligned prayer for goodwill and protection.
Sages, Brahmins tie Raksha Bandhan, on King and Yajman, this sacred thread for protection to themselves and their followers. God is invoked and asked for His/Her blessings that only good deeds may be done with your hand.
The “Raksha” thread should be tied around the right wrist, with the following mantra:
yena baddho balihraajaa daanvendro mahaabalah|
tena tvaamAnudhnaami rakshe maa chala maa chalah||
And it should remain tied for just as long as it lasts !
The string represents the bond between Atma (soul) and Paramatma (God). You tie / bind yourself into the service of God. It represents our servitude to God. It is a Raksha-sutra (Raakhi) and hence protects its wearer from evil sprits or habits.
Rakhi as Tradition :
1. Indra's fight with Vritra- Indra, the king of devtas (gods), had lost his kingdom to the asura (demon) Vritra. At the behest of his Guru Brihaspati Indra’s wife Shachi tied a thread around her husband’s wrist to ensure his victory in the upcoming duel.
2. Draupadi and Krishna during the Rajsuya yagya - After Shishupal’s death, Krishna was left with a bleeding hand. Draupadi, the wife of the Pandava had torn a strip of her Silk Sari and tied it around Krishna’s wrist to stop the flow of blood. Touched by her concern, Krishna had declared himself bound to her by her love. He further promised to repay the debt many fold. Many years later when Draupudi was about to be shamed by being disrobed in front of the whole court by her evil brother-in-lawDuryodhana, she called on Krishna to help her, and he did by divinely elongating her Sari so it could not be removed.
King Bali & Goddess Lakshmi
According to another legend the Demon King Bali was a great devotee of Vishnu Bhagwan. Lord Vishnu had taken up the task to guard his kingdom leaving his own abode in Vaikunth. Goddess Lakshmi wished to be with her and wanted Lord Vishnu back in Vaikunthlok. She went to Bali disguised as a Brahmin woman to seek refuge till her husband came back.
During the Shravan Purnima celebrations, Lakshmi tied the sacred thread to the King Bali. King Bali became very pleased of this justure and asked her to reveal her desire. Godess Lakshmi revealed who she was and why she was there. The king was touched by her goodwill for his family and her purpose and requested the Lord Vishnu to accompany her. He sacrificed all he had for the Lord and his devoted wife.
Thus the festival is also called Baleva that is Bali Raja’s devotion to the Lord. It is said that since then it has been a tradition to tie a knot in Shravan Purnima, for the well being and protection, by sister to her brother's wrist, ceremony or the Raksha Bandhan
Yama & Yamuna
According to another story, Raksha Bandhan was a ritual followed by Lord Yama (the Lord of Death) and his sister Yamuna. Yamuna used to tie rakhi on the wirst of Yama and bestowed immortality. Yama was so moved by the serenity of the occasion that he declared that whoever gets a rakhi tied from his sister and promised her protection will become immortal.